Bolsonaro has been detained after authorities determined he posed a concrete flight risk while under home confinement.
The ex-president was convicted of planning a government overthrow in September and sentenced more than a 27-year term in prison, but he continued under house arrest pending appeals.
High Court Judge the presiding justice said the action to imprison the septuagenarian politician was a precautionary step after recent developments came to light.
This encompassed seeking to disable his tracking device and a call for a demonstration that could "allow for a possible escape.
Judicial Records Show Flight Fears
In a document approving the custody, the magistrate said information from the centre monitoring Bolsonaro's house arrest suggested the former leader's plan to remove the tracking monitor to guarantee victory in his getaway".
This, it said, would be made easier by the chaos caused by the protest called by his offspring.
His child, Flávio Bolsonaro, who serves as a congressional representative, called for a gathering of his followers near his father's house to take place on the weekend.
Flávio Bolsonaro wrote on online platforms on last Friday: Do you plan to struggle for your homeland, or observe everything from your phone there on your settee? I urge you to battle with us."
He said the demonstration would be so followers could "pray for his health and for the reestablishment of democratic governance in our land."
Foreign Shelter Risks
Part of the judge's ruling was the chance of the former president's transfer to embassies near the dwelling, considering that the probes revealed a history of arranging to request asylum through a diplomatic representation", a declaration said.
The court filing emphasizes that the US embassy in the federal district, Brazil's capital, is situated around 13km from Bolsonaro's home.
Global Responses
His judicial problems have drawn the ire of fellow populist conservative American leader President Trump, prompting him to implement a half-rate duty on goods coming from Brazil.
He is being held in a Federal Police station in Brasilia and will experience a custody hearing on Sunday.
Latest Court Petitions
It was only on Friday that the ex-leader's attorneys asked the Top Court to allow him to fulfill his full incarceration period under domestic detention, with tracking devices.
They also asked that the former president be permitted to leave his home for medical treatment, saying he demanded frequent medical attention for pulmonary infections and other health problems.
Background on Conviction
Bolsonaro was found guilty of heading a scheme aimed at retaining his authority after he was defeated in the national vote to his political opponent, President Lula.
Top judicial officials said that he had knowledge of a scheme which included plans to murder his opponent and his running partner, his vice-presidential candidate, and to arrest and execute the presiding judge - the Supreme Court justice who has been managing Bolsonaro's trial.
The scheme was stopped because it didn't receive the endorsement of the armed forces officials. Lula was took office without problem on 1 January 2023.
But a following week, on January 8th, thousands of his backers stormed and vandalised government buildings in the national capital, Brazil's capital.
The police stepped in and around approximately 1,500 persons were arrested.
The magistrates found that the rioters had been encouraged by Bolsonaro whose scheme, they said, was for the national armed forces to take action, restore order and reinstate his authority.
At the period, the legal team called the decades-long sentence unreasonably severe".
He was also banned from seeking elected position until 2060 - eight years after the end of his sentence.
The ex-leader called the court case a targeted investigation" and said it was aimed at blocking him running in the next presidential race.
